Wrench



No. 617,369. Patented lan. I0, |899.

F. W. STEWART &. G. R. VAN SCHICK.

WRENCH.

(Application led J 11.11. 8, 1898.)

(No Model.)

E Nonms Perris oo., momu'mo.. wAsnmcrroN D c UNITED STATES FREDERICK WV. STEWART AND WRENCH.

PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE R. VAN SGI-IOICK, OF COLDWATER,

MICHIGAN.

SPECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,369, dated January 10, 189.9.

Application filed January 8, 1 8 9 8.

To all whom it may concern.'

Beit known that we, FREDERICK W. STEW- ART and GEORGE RVAN SoHoIcK, citizens of the United States, residing at Coldwater, in the county of Branch and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in wrenches.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction of wrenches and to provide a simple and comparatively inexpensive one capable of rapid adjustment in engaging a nut or other article and adapted after such rapid adjustment to exert the desired pressure on the object.

The invention consists in the construction and novel combination and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench, partly in section, constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a detail view of the movable jaw. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the casing thereof. Fig. 4. is a detail view of the yoke. Fig. 5 is a side elevation, partly in section, illustrating a modification of the invention. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the ring for spacing the antifriction-balls. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional View of the movable jaw. Fig. 8 is a similar view illustrating the arrangement of the balls and the spacing-ring.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all the iigures of the drawings.

1 designates a shank or bar provided at its inner or front edge with a series of teeth 2 and having a stationary jaw 3 at its outer end to cooperate with a movable jaw 4t, which is slidingly mounted on the shank or bar l and adapted to be moved to and from the stationary jaw 3. The movable jaw 4, which may be constructed of a single piece of metal, consists of a body portion and a casing 5, composed of two sides and a connecting back portion. The casing 5, which conforms to the configuration of the shank or bar 1 and projects forward beyond the same, receives Serial No. 666,054. (No model.)

the body portion, which is riveted or otherwise secured between the projecting portions ofthe sides of the casing 5. The projecting portions of the sides of the casing 5 are recessed or cut away at their upper or outer edges, and the body portion is provided with a projecting ange G at each side and has its engaging face arranged flush with the adjacent edge of the casing.

The teeth 2 of the shank or bar 1 are shoulder ed toward the stationary jaw 3 and are adapted to be engaged by corresponding teeth 7 of a dog 8, which is connected with the movable jaw by a screw 9 and is adapted to move into and out of engagement with the shank. The dog 8 is normally maintained in engagement with the teeth of the shank or bar'l by a spring 10, disposed longitudinally of the back of the wrench and angularly bent between its ends at 11 to offset its inner por-A tion. The outer portion of the spring 10 is secured to the back of the casing 5 bya screw 12, and the inner portion is connected with the dog 8 by an oblong yoke 13, which straddles the shank or bar 1, being disposed transversely thereof, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings. The oblong yoke, which is open at its front end, is provided at the front terminals of its sides with perforated ears 14, which are connected to the inner end of the dog by a rivet or pivot 15. The other end of the yoke is secured to the spring 10 by a screw 16,-the head of which forms a button or finger-piece and is adapted to be depressed for disengaging the dog from the teeth of the shank or bar 1. When the dog is out of engagement with the shank or bar 1, the movable jaw is adapted to slide freely and a quick-adjustment wrench is provided. When the button or screw 16 is released, the spring operates to return the dog to its normal position in engagement with the teeth 2. The front or IOO dog, is provided at itsinner end with a milled head 19 and has at its outer end a ball 20, which iits in a suitable socket 21 of the movable jaw, forming a ball-and-socket joint. This ball-and-socket joint permits the screw to be rotated for producing the necessary pressure on a nut or other object after the wrench has been quickly adjusted, as `before explained, and the threads provide for a fine adjustment. The screw is also permitted the necessary outward swing or pivotal movement to carry the dog out of and into engagement with the shank or bar 1, and it is held against longitudinal movement on the movable jaw. The socket may be constructed in any suitable manner when the movable jaw is made in two pieces, as before described, or when it is constructed of a single casting or forging.

In Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings is illustrated a modification of the invention, in which the screw 22, which is adapted to swing outward and inward to permit the dog 23 to engage and disengage the shank or bar 24, is pivoted to the movable jaw 25 by a rivet 26 or other suitable fastening device. The movable jaw 25 is recessed at its inner edge to receive the screw and form perforated ears for the same, and by this construction the screw is held against rotation.

The dog 23 is provided with a longitudinal bore for the reception of the screw 22, and it has an opening in which is arranged a milled nut 27, which engages the screw and effects the adjustment of the sliding jaw and pro- `(luces the necessary compression after the quick adjustment has been obtained. In order to reduce the friction on the nut to a minimum, a series of antifriction-balls 2S are provided and are arranged at intervals in a space between the inner end of the nut and the adjacent wall of the opening of the dog. These balls are spaced by means of a ring 29, which is provided at intervals with openings to receive the balls, and the thickness of the ring is less than the diameter of the balls, so that the latter are permitted to engage the faces of the nut and the dog. The inner end of the nut is provided with a groove 30, forming a ball-race; but the latter may be deepened in order to dispense with the spacing-ring 29, if desired.

The inner end of the screwis connected by a yoke 31 with a spring 32, which is secured to the rear face of the movable jaw 25 by a screw or other suitable fastening device, and the said movable jaw is preferably constructed of a single piece of metal. The dog and the shank are provided with interlocking teeth and the shank has a detachable handle 24a.

The invention has the following advantages: The wrench, which is simple and comparatively inexpensive in construction, is strong and durable, and is capable of a rapid adjustment, and is adapted after the same to be finally adjusted to produce the necessary pressure on a nut or other object. The pressure or strain on the parts incident to the use of the wrench is suiiicient to maintain the dog firmly in engagement with the shank without the action of the spring, which is not subj ected to strain when the parts are under pressure, but which operates to hold the dog in engagement with the shank and return it to such position while the adjustment of the parts is being eected.

Changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacriiicing any of the advantages of this invention.

1. In a wrench, the combination of ashank, a sliding jaw capable of adjustment longitudinally of the shank, a dog engaging the shank and adapted to swing inward and outward independently of the movable jaw, and a screw capable of movement longitudinally of thc dog and hinged to and held against longitudinal movement on the jaw, substantially as described.

2. In a wrench, the combination of a shank, a stationary jaw, a sliding jaw capable of adjustment longitudinally of the shank, a dog carrying screw threads and engaging the shank and adapted to swing inward and outward independently of the movable jaw, and a screw engaging the screw-threads of thc dog and capable of movement longitudinally of the latter, said screw being pivoted to the movable jaw and held against longitudinal movement on the same, substantially as described.

3. In a wrench, the combination of a shank, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw, a dog located at the front edge of the shank, engaging the same and adj ustably connected with the movable jaw, a yoke straddling the shank and pivoted at the ends of its sides at opposite sides of the dog and connected with the latter, and a spring mounted on the movable jaw at the back of the wrench and connected with the yoke, substantially as described.

4;. In a wrench, the combination of a shank provided with teeth, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw capable of adjustment longitudinally of the shank, a dog located at the inner end of the movable jaw and adapted to move inward and outward independently of the same to engage and disengage the shank, an adj usting device forming a connection between the jaw and the dog, pivoted to one of the parts and adj ustably engaging the other part, a yoke straddling the shank and connected at the front ends of its sides with the dog, and a spring mounted on the movable jaw at the back of the wrench and connected with the adjacent end of the yoke and arranged in the crotch or bend thereof, substantially as described.

5. In a wrench, the combination of a shank, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw, a dog engaging the shank and adapted to move inward and outward to engage and release the same, and a rotary screw engaging the dog and having a ball-and-sockct connection with the mov- IOO IIO

able jaw, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. In awreneh, the combination of a shank, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw, a dog, and a rotary screw engaging the dog and having a rotary and pivotal connection with the movable jaw, whereby it is adapted to turn to adjust the latter and is Capable of swinging outward to carry the dog into and out of engagement with the shank, substantially as described.

7. In a Wrench, the combination of a shank, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw provided adjacent to the shank with a recess 17, a dog engaging the shank and provided with a tapering projection or lug fitting in the recess 17, a spring holding the dog normally in engagement with the shank, and a serew oonnecting the dog and the movable jaw and having a pivotal aetion on t-he latter, substantially as described.

8. In a wrench, the combination of ashank, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw mounted on the shank, a dog` engaging the shank and adapted to move inward and outward independently of the movable jaw, and a rotary screw pivoted to the movable jaw and engaging the dog and capable of movement longitudinally of the same, substantially as described.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have hereto aiixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK W. STEWART. GEORGE R. VAN SCHOIOK.

Witnesses:

CHARLES F. Hown, RALPH E. CLARKE. 

